https://popups.uliege.be/3041-539x/index.php?id=3081 Index terms fr 0 https://popups.uliege.be/3041-539x/index.php?id=3780 Type-Token distinction and Figure and Ground relationship are dichotomic model to explain how human distinguish vary notions. This research inspects a relationship of these two relationships in Japanese plays. At first we make two series of lattices from the rough set to show figure and ground relationships in each scene. One series are made by verbs mentioned in speech. These are defined as "type-verbs". Another are made by verbs actually did in play by some characters. These are defined as "token-verbs". Compared change of complementarity and non-distributivity of lattices about type and token verbs, in short plays two series of complementarity differ beginning to ending but in long plays they accord in ending. Mon, 30 Sep 2024 14:09:33 +0200 Thu, 10 Oct 2024 10:39:05 +0200 https://popups.uliege.be/3041-539x/index.php?id=3780 https://popups.uliege.be/3041-539x/index.php?id=3078 Anticipation involved in our reading process deepens our experience, supporting the sense of understanding, suspense, and surprise. Rough set driven lattice is a suitable tool for analyzing subjective phenomenon such as reading because 1) it produces Boolean as well as non-Boolean lattices that reflect the input information, and 2) this method requires two interpretations of a target, such as subject and attribute, which a sentence provides. By using this method, we can compare how a logical structure resulting from reading with anticipation is different from the information revealed by the actual text. The difference is quantified by complement properties of a lattice, through complementarity and non-distributivity. Fri, 06 Sep 2024 16:07:28 +0200 Tue, 08 Oct 2024 14:18:35 +0200 https://popups.uliege.be/3041-539x/index.php?id=3078 https://popups.uliege.be/3041-539x/index.php?id=3772 Cognitive mechanisms and nerve systems are an important issue in the phylogeny of living organisms. Human consciousness has long been studied, with various models being developed, and the discussion still continues today. Originally generated for visual perception, gestalt psychology introduced the idea of figure and ground to describe our mechanism of attention. We have come up with a method to model such figure and ground relation. We have applied this method to model how a figure and ground relation may be applied to story characters when reading a literary work. We compared this result with a control resulting from randomly generated input matrix. The resulting graph generated from text has characteristics changes. The changes in the graph reflect a dramatic shift in character attributes. Such drama may encourage the reader to anticipate what comes next in the story. Mon, 30 Sep 2024 14:07:39 +0200 Mon, 30 Sep 2024 14:07:48 +0200 https://popups.uliege.be/3041-539x/index.php?id=3772