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- La rivière désaménagée ? Les paysages fluviaux et l’effacement des seuils et des barrages en Europe de l’Ouest et en Amérique du Nord-Est
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La rivière désaménagée ? Les paysages fluviaux et l’effacement des seuils et des barrages en Europe de l’Ouest et en Amérique du Nord-Est
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The principles of ecological restoration have been affirmed in river management in the Western world since the 1990s. The removal of artificial barriers to re-establish ecological continuity in rivers is one of the most typical operations. This has effects on the landscapes since they change water levels and transform the channel, sometimes even the structure of the alluvial plain. A comparative approach is proposed using examples of restored sites from north-west France, southern England and the east coast of the United States. The spatial extent of the zone covered is defined both longitudinally and transversely for each of the sites and all structures completed are inventoried. Relying mainly on field observations, analysis of the landscapes resulting from the restoration of ecological continuity as led to the differentiation of three categories of operations: occasional operations limited to the removal of the artificial structure, those resulting in channel reconfiguration and those proposing a reconfiguration of the entire valley bottom. The geographic distribution of these three types encourages discussion of the weight of national contexts as well as local specificities (e.g., urban/rural zones).
Om dit artikel te citeren:
Over : Laurent LESPEZ
Université Paris Est
Créteil Val de Marne
LGP UMR 8591 CNRS
Laurent.lespez@lgp.cnrs.fr
Over : Marie-Anne GERMAINE
Université Paris Ouest
Nanterre La Défense
LAVUE UMR 7218 CNRS
marie-anne.germaine@u-paris10.fr